Annual Report 2011

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Sivu: 83

Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognised as financial expense. On fields where the Group is required to contribute to site restoration costs, a provision is recorded to recognise the future commitment. An asset is created, as part of the oil and gas property, to represent the discounted value of the anticipated site restoration liability and depleted over the life of the field on a unit of production basis. The corresponding accounting entry to the creation of the asset recognises the discounted value of the future liability. The discount applied to the anticipated site restoration liability is subsequently released over the life of the field and is charged to financial expenses. Changes in site restoration costs and reserves are treated prospectively and consistent with the treatment applied upon initial recognition. Leases For a lease to qualify as a finance lease, substantially all of the risks and benefits of ownership must pass to the lessee. In all other cases the lease will be classified as an operating lease. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease. Employee benefits Short-term employee benefits Short-term employee benefits such as salaries, social premiums and holiday pay, are expensed when incurred. Pension obligations Pensions are the most common long-term employee benefits. The pension schemes are funded through payments to insurance companies. The Group’s pension obligations consist mainly of defined contribution plans. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions. The Group has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are recognised as an expense when they are due. The Group has one obligation under a defined benefit plan. The relating liability recognised in the balance sheet is valued at the discounted estimated future cash outflows as calculated by an external actuarial expert. Actuarial gains and losses are charged to the income statement. The Group does not have any designated plan assets. Share-based payments Lundin Petroleum recognises cash-settled share-based payments in the income statement as expenses during the vesting period and as a liability in relation to the long-term incentive plan. The liability is measured at fair value and revalued using the Black & Scholes pricing model at each balance sheet date and at the date of settlement, with any change in fair value recognised in the income statement for the period. Borrowings Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortised costs using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognised on an effective yield basis. The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or a shorter period where appropriate. Revenue Revenues from the sale of oil and gas are recognised in the income statement net of royalties taken in kind. Sales of oil and gas are recognised upon delivery of products and customer acceptance or on performance of services. Incidental revenues from the production of oil and gas are offset against capitalised costs of the related cost centre until quantities of proven and probable reserves are determined and commercial production has commenced. Service income, generated by providing technical and management services to joint ventures, is recognised as other income. The fiscal regime in the area of operations defines whether royalties are payable in cash or in kind. Royalties payable in cash are accrued in the accounting period in which the liability arises. Royalties taken in kind are subtracted from production for the period to which they relate. Income taxes The components of tax are current and deferred. Tax is recognised in the income statement, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case it is matched. Current tax is tax that is to be paid or received for the year in question and also includes adjustments of current tax attributable to previous periods. Deferred income tax is a non-cash charge provided, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying values. Temporary differences can occur where investment expenditure is capitalised for accounting purposes but the tax deduction is accelerated or where site restoration costs are provided for in the financial statements but not deductible for tax purposes until they are actually incurred. However, the deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit nor loss. Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled. Deferred income tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised. Borrowing costs Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are added to the cost of those assets. Qualifying assets are assets that take a substantial period of time to complete for their intended use or sale. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending to be used for the qualifying asset is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. This applies on the interest on borrowings to finance fields under development which is capitalised within oil and gas properties until production commences. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they occur. Interest on borrowings to finance the acquisition of producing oil and gas properties is charged to income as incurred. 81

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