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Sivu: 1Sivu: 2Sivu: 3Sivu: 4Sivu: 5Sivu: 6Sivu: 7Sivu: 8Sivu: 9Sivu: 10Sivu: 11Sivu: 12Sivu: 13Sivu: 14Sivu: 15Sivu: 16Sivu: 17Sivu: 18Sivu: 19Sivu: 20Sivu: 21Sivu: 22Sivu: 23Sivu: 24Sivu: 25Sivu: 26Sivu: 27CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 3. The environment and safety The safety of natural gas transmission and the minimisation of environmental damage are particularly important issues for Gasum. We promote the launch of new technologies and offer our customers opportunities to utilise gas in a more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly manner. Our activities cover the transmission of natural gas in Finland to end users. This transmission stage results in minor environmental impacts and emissions. Most emissions occur in the natural gas usage stage, which is the case with other fuel-based energy chains too. GREENHOUSE GAS AND OTHER EMISSIONS FROM GASUM’S OPERATIONS Greenhouse gas emissions from Gasum’s own operations are very low when viewed against the amount of energy transmitted. Gasum’s direct greenhouse gas emissions are regarded to comprise those arising from the maintenance of Gasum’s natural gas network, emissions and leaks taking place in natural gas transmission and emissions from the natural gas liquefaction plant opened in 2010. These emissions are, however, very low in comparison with the total amount of natural gas consumed in Finland. Greenhouse gas emissions are also caused by business travel using NGVs owned by Gasum as well as other vehicles and air travel. According to Statistics Finland, Finland’s total methane emissions amounted to 203,300 tonnes in 2009. Gasum’s transmission activity accounts for very little of Finland’s total methane emissions, with the rate for 2009 being around 0.2%. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions The transmission of natural gas along pipelines requires compressor stations where gas pressure is increased at intervals of about 100 km along the network.The compressors’ operational power is obtained from gas turbines using natural gas as their fuel. Gasum’s compressor stations are located in Imatra, Kouvola and Mäntsälä. Carbon dioxide emissions from Gasum’s transmission system totalled 46,150 tonnes in 2010 (34,310 in 2009*). Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from transmission system totalled 79.6 tonnes (51.6 tonnes), and compressor stations’ average NOx-specific emission was 92.8 mg/MJ. Gasum’s Imatra and Kouvola compressor stations fall within the sphere of emissions trading. They accounted for approximately 32,260 tonnes or 70% of Gasum’s carbon dioxide emissions in 2010. The remainder is caused by the heating of natural gas pressure reduction stations (13,200 tonnes) and in-house use (690 tonnes), which means use of natural gas at Gasum offices and facilities. Emissions from natural gas use In the natural gas value chain the most considerable greenhouse gas emissions are caused by the use of natural gas. In 2010 a total of 4.5 billion m3 of natural gas was consumed in Finland. In terms of energy this is equivalent to around 11% of Finland’s total energy demand.The use of natural gas was mainly divided between energy companies generating electricity and heat for industry and society. Other use, such as household and transport usage, accounted for around 5%. * In-house use was not taken into consideration in the total carbon dioxide emissions figure for 2009. In-house use accounted for around 1.5% of total CO2 emissions in 2010. Methane emissions Around 14% of Gasum’s direct greenhouse gas emissions are releases of methane into the atmosphere in conjunction with measures such as the emptying of sections of pipelines. Called blowdown, this is necessary when natural gas has to be removed from a section because of an emergency or due to maintenance or connection work. In 2010 methane emissions from Gasum’s transmission system totalled 306 tonnes (472 tonnes in 2009) or 0.009% of the amount of natural gas transmitted (0.016% in 2009). In addition, methane emissions from the LNG facility taken into service in 2010 totalled 0.4 tonnes. The emissions from natural gas transmission are low Direct greenhouse emissions from Gasum’s operations measured in carbon dioxide equivalent units totalled 53,800 tCO. The data excludes methane emissions from Gasum-owned distribution networks and vehicle carbon dioxide emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions by emission source Methane emissions, tonnes 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 Transmission system methane emissions Compressor station CO2 emissions Pressure reduction station CO2 emissions In-house use of natural gas, CO2 emissions 14.3% 59.9% 24.5% 1.3% 26 ANNUAL REPORT 2010
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